STEP 1 / 6ARDUINO

Arduino Radar System Processing with Ultrasonic Sensor

The aim of this project is to demonstrate the power of an Arduino and Arduino software is used to develop a Surveillance device that transmits information via Bluetooth to an Android appl…

like in the following figure.
PROJECT#363
TRACKArduino
PARTS11
STAGES06
STEP 1 / 6 · Overview

Know the mission before touching a wire.

Understand what you are making, prepare the right tools, and make the workbench safe.

01

Project details

Arduino Radar System Processing with Ultrasonic Sensor is a arduino project. The aim of this project is to demonstrate the power of an Arduino and Arduino software is used to develop a Surveillance device that transmits information via Bluetooth to an Android appl…

Source pages
749-755
Named parts
11
Build goal
Working, tested prototype
02

Tools you need

  • Digital multimeter
  • Wire stripper and side cutters
  • Soldering iron with a fine tip
  • Current-limited bench supply
  • Computer with a data-capable USB cable

Use eye protection, good lighting, and a clean insulated surface throughout the build.

03

Safety precautions

  • Disconnect every power source before changing a connection.
  • Check component polarity, pinout, and supply voltage twice.
  • Use a current limit for the first power-up.
  • Keep liquids, loose metal, and uninsulated wires away from the bench.
Ready to continue?
STEP 2 / 6 · Parts library

Gather, identify, and understand every part.

Use the standardized inventory, then open What's this? to learn each part's role, advantages, limitations, handling, and specifications.

NAMED PROJECT INVENTORY11 PART LINES
PARTTYPEQTYREADY
Ppower supply)POWER1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.POWER LEARNING VIEW

power supply)

A power component supplies, converts, stores, or regulates energy for the project.

What it does here

It must provide the documented voltage, polarity, isolation, and sufficient current safely.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Stable power improves reliability
  • Current limiting protects first tests
  • Regulation reduces resets and noise

Limitations

  • Wrong polarity can cause immediate damage
  • Underrated parts overheat
  • Mains circuits require qualified supervision

Handling

  • Measure output before connection
  • Use a fuse or current limit
  • Insulate exposed conductors

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for power supply); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm input/output voltage, current, polarity, connector, isolation, and thermal rating.
PServo Motor (any rating)PART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Servo Motor (any rating)

An output component turns an electrical control signal into light, sound, motion, switching, or displayed information.

What it does here

It presents the circuit result or acts on the physical world.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Makes system state visible
  • Can be tested separately
  • Supports clear troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Loads may exceed controller current
  • Polarity or driver direction can matter
  • Inductive loads create voltage spikes

Handling

  • Use the documented driver stage
  • Check polarity and load current
  • Add flyback protection for inductive loads

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Servo Motor (any rating); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm voltage, current, polarity, interface, driver requirements, and duty cycle.
PBluetooth Module (HC-05)PART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Bluetooth Module (HC-05)

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Bluetooth Module (HC-05); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
MUltraSonic Sensor (HC-SR04)MODULE1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.MODULE LEARNING VIEW

UltraSonic Sensor (HC-SR04)

A sensor converts a physical condition into an electrical signal the circuit can measure.

What it does here

It provides project input as an analogue, digital, resistive, frequency, or calibrated signal.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Adds real-world awareness
  • Can usually be tested independently
  • Often supports calibration

Limitations

  • Readings can drift
  • Placement affects results
  • Some sensors need warm-up or calibration

Handling

  • Protect the sensing surface
  • Observe supply voltage and polarity
  • Keep signal leads away from noisy power wiring

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for UltraSonic Sensor (HC-SR04); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm supply range, output type, measurement range, accuracy, response time, and pin order.
BBreadboard (not mandatory)BUILD1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.BUILD LEARNING VIEW

Breadboard (not mandatory)

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Breadboard (not mandatory); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
PAndroid mobilePART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Android mobile

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Android mobile; similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
PComputer for programmingPART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Computer for programming

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Computer for programming; similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
MArduino SoftwareMODULE1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.MODULE LEARNING VIEW

Arduino Software

A programmable controller that reads inputs, makes decisions, and drives the project's outputs.

What it does here

It is the control centre and must use the documented board, pin map, supply, and logic level.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Reprogrammable and reusable
  • Large learning ecosystem
  • Complex behaviour remains changeable

Limitations

  • GPIO voltage and current are limited
  • Some pins affect boot or communication
  • Loads normally need a driver

Handling

  • Disconnect power before rewiring
  • Avoid static discharge
  • Never power motors, relays, or pumps directly from GPIO

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Arduino Software; similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm operating voltage, logic level, pinout, memory, USB interface, and maximum GPIO current.
PAndroid SDKPART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Android SDK

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Android SDK; similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
PProcessing Android (To create mobile application)PART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

Processing Android (To create mobile application)

A named project component whose exact role is defined by the source circuit and build guide.

What it does here

It performs a documented electrical, control, interface, or construction function in this project.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Selected for this project
  • Can be checked independently
  • Supports modular troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Substitutes may differ
  • Generic names can hide variants
  • Pinouts and ratings vary

Handling

  • Compare the received part with the source
  • Keep it labelled
  • Do not force connectors or adjusters

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for Processing Android (To create mobile application); similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm dimensions, ratings, connection method, polarity, and environmental limits.
Pare our various projects involving Servo Motors, Bluetooth Modules, andPART1
What's this?Image, role, pros, cons, handling & specifications
like in the following figure.PART LEARNING VIEW

are our various projects involving Servo Motors, Bluetooth Modules, and

An output component turns an electrical control signal into light, sound, motion, switching, or displayed information.

What it does here

It presents the circuit result or acts on the physical world.

Buy / compare this part

Advantages

  • Makes system state visible
  • Can be tested separately
  • Supports clear troubleshooting

Limitations

  • Loads may exceed controller current
  • Polarity or driver direction can matter
  • Inductive loads create voltage spikes

Handling

  • Use the documented driver stage
  • Check polarity and load current
  • Add flyback protection for inductive loads

Specifications to verify

  • Use the exact model, value, package, and rating listed for are our various projects involving Servo Motors, Bluetooth Modules, and; similar-looking parts are not always interchangeable.
  • Confirm voltage, current, polarity, interface, driver requirements, and duty cycle.
Ready to continue?
STEP 4 / 6 · Source code

Confirm the hardware-only control path.

This project does not include firmware in the source. The circuit itself provides the required behaviour.

01

How to connect

  1. Match every controller label to the circuit view and source pin map.
  2. Join grounds before signal wires when separate low-voltage supplies are used.
  3. Keep motors, relays, pumps, and other loads on a suitable driver and external supply.

Common mistakes

Reversed VCC/GND, board-label versus GPIO-number confusion, missing common ground, and charge-only USB cables.

Troubleshoot

Disconnect loads, continuity-test one path at a time, then test with a current limit.

02

Software preparation

No IDE, board package, library, or firmware upload is required for this project.

If you add a programmable controller as an extension, document its pin map separately.

03

How to upload code

The original design is implemented entirely in hardware, so proceed after verifying the circuit and supply.

Ready to continue?
STEP 5 / 6 · Build

Assemble, deploy, test, and troubleshoot.

Use the complete source notes in build order, then pass the final checks before calling the project finished.

ASSEMBLY

Build in functional stages

  • Power and regulation
  • Controller or processing stage
  • Inputs and sensors
  • Outputs and loads
  • Enclosure and strain relief
TEST

Power up safely

  • Inspect unpowered continuity first
  • Apply the lowest safe current limit
  • Measure supply rails before signals
  • Add one load at a time
  • Record expected and actual results
TROUBLESHOOT

Work from simple to complex

  • Confirm power, ground, polarity, and orientation
  • Compare each pin with the source
  • Test inputs separately from outputs
  • Replace only one variable at a time
  • Power off before every correction
PROJECT-SPECIFIC BUILD NOTES

Follow the documented instructions.

These notes come from this project's source and remain in their original order.

01

Project overview

Project build note

The aim of this project is to demonstrate the power of an Arduino and Arduino software is used to develop a Surveillance device that transmits information via Bluetooth to an Android application. Safety and Security have always been a top priority for us. Installing a surveillance camera with night vision, tilting, and panning options will burn a big hole in our pocket. Thus, we should create an affordable device with similar functions but without video. Using an ultrasonic sensor, it detects objects and can therefore be used during the night as well. We are also mounting the ultrasonic sensor on a servo motor, which is able to scan an area automatically or manually, depending on whether it is set up for automated rotation or whether it is manually rotated via our Mobile app, our ultrasonic sensors are focused in our preferred direction, allowing us to detect objects nearby. With the US sensor, we will be able to broadcast selected information to our smart phone, similar to a sonar or a radar.

02

COMPONENTS REQUIRED

Project build note

A +5V power supply ( I am using my Arduino (another) board for power supply) Arduino Mega (You can use anything from pro mini to Yun) Servo Motor (any rating) Bluetooth Module (HC-05) UltraSonic Sensor (HC-SR04) Breadboard (not mandatory) Connecting wires Android mobile Computer for programming Arduino Software

Android SDK Processing Android (To create mobile application)

Let's start building the hardware once we have the materials ready. For ease of understanding, I have divided the tutorial into two parts: the Arduino Part and the Processing Part. The tutorial's code is complete and can be used directly by anyone who has no experience with Processing. The servo motor, Bluetooth module, Ultrasonic sensor and other components all play an important role in the project. As such, beginners should start with some tutorials that cover these components before returning to this one. Here are our various projects involving Servo Motors, Bluetooth Modules, and Ultrasonic Sensors.

In this project, the Arduino is not responsible for powering any components as the servo motor, Bluetooth module and US sensor all draw a great deal of current that the Arduino cannot supply. Therefore, any external +5V power supply is highly recommended. I have used two Arduino boards to share the components when I did not have access to an external +5V supply. A second Arduino mega board (red colour) has been used to power the Servos. I have also mounted the Bluetooth module HC-05 and the ultrasonic sensor HC- SR04 on the Mega. CAUTION: The voltage regulator on the Arduino will be damaged if all these modules are powered with one Arduino board. To mount the sensor, I used a piece of junk I had in my junk box, along with

double-sided tape. To do the same, you can think of your own idea. Markets also offer servo holders for use with the same type of device.

03

Android Mobile Application for Ultrasonic Radar

Project build note

To install the same application used in this tutorial if you do not want to make your own application, you can follow the steps below. Figure. Zealotbt App 1. This APK app is compatible with Android version 4.4.2 and above (Kitkat and above). The APK file can be downloaded directly from the link below. https://circuitdigest.com/sites/default/files/Radar-zealotbt_1.0_apk_file.zip (App Name: Zelobt) 2. APK files should be transferred from your computer to your phone. 3. Make sure your Android settings allow you to install applications from unknown sources.

4. Install the application. If the app was successfully installed, you will see " Zelobt " installed as shown below. At this point, both the hardware and software are ready. Your Bluetooth module should be powered on and paired with your mobile device. You should see your Bluetooth module (HC-05) automatically get connected to your phone once you have paired them. Open the "Zelobt" application we just installed and wait a second. You will get the following message once the connection has been

04

established

Project build note

Figure. Radar data in the zealotbt mobile App The top of the screen shows you that it is connected to: Device name (hardware address). Moreover, it shows the angle of the servomotor and the distance between the US sensors. On the red background, a blue graph is also plotted based on the measured distance. In the blue region, the closer the object, the taller it becomes. A mobile app can be used to control your servo motor, as we mentioned earlier. You can stop the servo from sweeping automatically by clicking the stop button. On the bottom of the screen, you will find a circular wheel that will rotate clockwise or anticlockwise when swiped. If you swipe this wheel, your servo motor will also turn in the same direction.

Ready to continue?
PROJECT ACHIEVED

You built Arduino Radar System Processing with Ultrasonic Sensor.

You followed the full workflow from understanding the mission to testing the finished project. That is a real engineering achievement - well done.

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