We will use ultrasonic sensors to measure the water level in this Arduino based automatic water level controller and indicator project. A fundamental principle of ultrasonic distance measurements is based on ECHO. After impacting on an obstacle, sound waves travel back to their source as ECHO. We must then only calculate the sound's outgoing and returning times after striking the obstacle, in other words, their traveling time. In addition, we can calculate the distance and get a result from it. The water pump is

automatically turned on when the tank water level drops, so that we can use this concept in our water controller project. For a simplified version of this project, you can check out this simple water level indicator circuit.

Arduino Uno Ultrasonic sensor Module 16x2 LCD Relay 6 Volt ULN2003

Copper wire 9-volt battery or 12 Volt Adaptor Connecting wires Working of Automatic Water Level Controller

Working on this project is very straightforward. This module uses ultrasonic waves to generate sound waves which are reflected by the water in the tank and senses the sound waves as ECHO. In order to send a signal to the ultrasonic sensor module, we have to trigger Arduino to transmit it, and then we will wait for the ECHO to arrive. Arduino measures the time between triggering and receiving ECHOs. Using the following formula, we can

Distance= (travel time/2) * speed of sound Sound travels at an average speed of 340m per second. We can compute distances from a sensor to the surface of the water using these methods. In order to determine water level, we first need to determine depth. Effort must now be put into determining the total length of the water tank. By subtracting the actual distance from the tank from the total length, we can calculate the water level by subtracting the distance from the tank's length. In the next step we'll need to calculate the distance between the water level and the LCD display. We can then convert the distance into a percentage. Below is a block diagram that explains the complete workings of the water level indicator.

The circuit diagram for the water level controller below shows that pins 10 and 11 of the Arduino are connected directly to the Ultrasonic sensor module's "trigger" and "echo" pins. Four-bit mode is used to connect a 16x2 LCD to the Arduino. In addition to the 3 control pins of Arduino RS, RW and En, GND pins 5 and 6 are also connected through ULN2003 to the buzzer at pin 12, while pin 8 of Arduino is wired through ULN2003 to operate the water pump. The relay and the remaining circuit are powered by a voltage regulator 7805. Water level indicators measure and manage the level of water in multiple different systems, including swimming pools, cooling towers, and pumps and tanks. They act as a basic flow regulator and optimize the performance of a system by controlling water flow. Applications and Uses of Water Level Indicators

Water level can be controlled in water tanks using this device Activate/deactivate pumps automatically Suitable for factories, commercial buildings, apartments, and homes Measuring the level of fuel in tanks Controlling the level of an oil tank A low-level alarm and a high-level alarm Managing the level of the pool water Switches between life stations Monitoring the level of leachate Controlling the level of water in cooling towers Pump level control for sewage systems Fluid monitoring via remote control

A mechanism to control water levels Control panel for pumps Monitoring of the stream at the individual level Pumps for storing water Tsunami warnings and monitoring sea levels Controlling and monitoring batches of processes Controlling irrigation systems

A Water Level Indicator and Water Alarm Has Many Benefits Indicators and alarms for water levels provide several benefits, such as the

The installation process is simple There is very little maintenance required You are alerted when the water level is either too high or too low Alarms for low and high temperatures The compact design Water levels are automatically adjusted Reduce your electricity and water consumption to save money By keeping tanks from overflowing, we can prevent roof and wall leaks Manual labor is reduced to a minimum with automatic operation Easily maintains multiple operations with a small amount of energy Provides information about water levels in any type of tank or reservoir It is easy to hear a water alarm because it is loud

An Ultrasonic sensor module was placed on top of the water tank in the circuit to demonstrate the mechanism. In this sensor module, a distance will be measured between the sensor module and the water surface, and the distance will be displayed on an LCD screen as "Water Surface in Tank is:". In other words, we are displaying an empty space of volume or distance for water rather than its level. As a result of this feature, this system can be applied to any water tank. An Arduino will run a relay to turn the water pump ON when empty water levels reach about 30 cm. A green LED will begin glowing if the water level falls below the cut-off level and the motor is turned on. If the empty space is within 12 cm of the Arduino, the relay is turned off and the display shows "Tanks are full" and "Motors are off". During this time, the relay status LED will also turn off and the buzzer will beep.