470.IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring using ESP8266 & Arduino IoT is quickly changing the healthcare industry, which has a lot of new tech start-ups in the health field. In this project, we used ESP8266 and Arduino to make an IoT-based system for monitoring a patient's health. ThingSpeak is the IoT platform used for this project.

ThingSpeak is an open-source application and application programming interface (API) for the Internet of Things (IoT). It can store and retrieve data from things using the HTTP protocol over the Internet or a Local Area Network. This Internet of Things (IoT) device could read the pulse rate and measure the temperature around it. It constantly checks the pulse rate and temperature of the area and sends updates to an IoT platform. The functions of the project are carried out by the device's Arduino Sketch, which does things like read sensor data, turn it into strings, send it to the IoT platform, and show the measured pulse rate and temperature on a character LCD.

This is a simple block diagram that shows how ESP8266 and Arduino are used in the IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring System. The Pulse Sensor and the LM35 Temperature Sensor each measure the BPM and the temperature of the environment. The code is read by the Arduino, which shows it on the 16*2 LCD Display. The ESP8266 Wi-Fi module connects to Wi-Fi and sends the data to the IoT device server. Thingspeak is used as the

IoT server in this case. Lastly, the data can be watched from anywhere in the world by logging into the Thingspeak channel.

Arduino Nano Board ESP8266-01 WiFi Module 16x2 LCD Display Potentiometer 10K Pulse Sensor LM35 Temperature Sensor 2K Resistor 1K Resistor LED 5mm Any Color Connecting Wires 10-20 Breadboard Pulse Sensor: The Pulse Sensor is an Arduino heart-rate sensor that you can just plug in and use. It can be used by students, artists, athletes, makers, and game and mobile developers who want to easily add live heart-rate data to their projects. The main thing is a sensor with an optical amplifier circuit and a noise-cancelling circuit built into one. Clip the Pulse Sensor to your earlobe or fingertip and plug it into your Arduino. You can now read your heart rate. It is also easy to use because it comes with an Arduino demo code. There are three pins on the pulse sensor: VCC, GND, and Analog Pin. This sensor module also has an LED in the middle that helps find the heartbeat. Under the LED, there is a noise-eliminating circuit that should keep noise from messing with the readings.

The LM35 series is made up of temperature sensors with an output voltage that is proportional to the temperature in Centigrade. The LM35 is better than linear temperature sensors that are calibrated in Kelvin because the user doesn't have to subtract a large constant voltage from the output to get easy Centigrade scaling. The LM35 device doesn't need any external calibration or trimming to be accurate within 14°C at room temperature and within 34°C from 55°C to 150°C.

The ESP8266 is an easy-to-use and inexpensive way to connect your projects to the internet. The module can work both as an Access point (it can create a hotspot) and as a station (it can connect to Wi-Fi). This means it can easily get data and send it to the internet, making the Internet of Things as easy as possible. It can also use APIs to get information from the internet. This means that your project could use any information that is on the internet, making it smarter. This module is also great because it can be programmed with the Arduino IDE, which makes it a lot easier to use. The ESP8266 module only works with 3.3V. Anything above 3.7V will kill the module, so be careful when building your circuits. Here is its pins description. 1. Pin 1 is connected to the circuit's ground. Pin 2 is connected to the Rx pin of the programmer/uC to upload the program. 2. Pin 3: GPIO-2: General purpose input/output Pin for input/output 3. Chip Enable/Active high (pin 4) 4. Pin 5 is for Flash/GPIO, and 0 is for general use. Pin for input/output 5. Pin 6: Reset: Turns the module off and on again Pin 7: RX/GPIO-3: General purpose Input/output pin

6. Connect pin 8 to +3.3V only.

For designing IoT Based Patient Health Monitoring System using ESP8266 & Arduino, assemble the circuit as shown in the figure below. 1. Connect the output pin of the Pulse Sensor to Arduino's A0 and the other two pins to VCC and GND. 2. Connect the LM35's output pin to Arduino's A1 and the other two pins to VCC and GND. 3. Using a 220-ohm resistor, connect the LED to Digital Pin 7 of Arduino. 4. Connect the LCD's Pins 1, 3, 5, and 16 to GND. 5. Connect the LCD's Pins 2, 15, and VCC. 6. Connect Pin 4,6,11,12,13,14 of LCD to Digital Pin12,11,5,4,3,2 of Arduino.

The RX pin of the ESP8266 works with 3.3V, so if we connect it directly to the Arduino, it won't be able to talk to it. So, we'll need to make a voltage divider that will turn 5V into 3.3V. To do this, connect the 2.2K resistor to the 1K resistor. This means that the resistors connect the RX pin of the ESP8266 to pin 10 of the Arduino. Connect the ESP8266's TX pin to the Arduino's pin 9.